display advertising in digital marketing

Display Advertising in Digital Marketing: A Practical Guide for Businesses

Display Advertising in Digital Marketing

Display advertising is a form of online advertising that uses visual formats—such as banners, images, animations and video—to promote a product, service or brand. These ads appear across websites, apps and other digital platforms, helping businesses reach people as they browse online.

Unlike search advertising, which typically responds to a query someone has already made, display advertising can introduce a brand to potential customers before they are actively looking for it. It can also help businesses stay visible to people who have previously visited their website.

How display advertising works

Display ads are commonly bought through advertising platforms and networks. Advertisers set a budget, choose who they want to reach and create ads in suitable formats. The platform then places those ads on websites or apps that are part of its network.

Campaigns can be targeted in several ways, including by:

  • Audience: Reaching people based on factors such as interests, broad demographic groups or online behaviour.
  • Context: Placing ads on pages related to particular topics or subject areas.
  • Location: Focusing on people in selected countries, regions or local areas.
  • Remarketing: Showing ads to people who have previously visited a website or interacted with a business, where permitted and in line with applicable privacy requirements.

Many display campaigns use automated buying systems, including programmatic advertising. These systems can buy ad placements in real time, using campaign settings and available signals to decide where an ad may appear.

Common display ad formats

Display advertising includes a range of formats, each suited to different placements and objectives:

  • Static banner ads: Fixed images with a headline, visual and call to action.
  • Animated ads: Ads that use motion to attract attention or communicate a sequence of messages.
  • Responsive display ads: Ads that adapt their layout to available spaces, often using assets supplied by the advertiser.
  • Native ads: Paid placements designed to fit the look and feel of the surrounding content, while still being identified as advertising.
  • Video ads: Short video creative shown within or alongside digital content.

Why businesses use display advertising

Display advertising can support several parts of a digital marketing strategy. It is often used to build brand awareness by putting a business in front of relevant audiences. Repeated exposure can also help people recognise a brand when they are ready to make a decision.

Display campaigns can be useful for promoting a new product, seasonal offer, event or piece of content. They can also complement other channels, such as search advertising, social media and email marketing. For example, a person might first discover a business through a display ad, then later visit its website after seeing a search result.

Remarketing is another common use. A business may show follow-up ads to people who viewed a product or visited a particular page. This can help keep an offering in mind, although frequency should be managed carefully so that advertising does not become intrusive.

Measuring campaign performance

The right measures depend on what a campaign is designed to achieve. Common metrics include:

  • Impressions: The number of times an ad is served.
  • Reach: The number of people who saw an ad, where the platform can estimate this.
  • Click-through rate: The proportion of impressions that resulted in a click.
  • Conversions: Valuable actions attributed to the campaign, such as a purchase, enquiry or sign-up.
  • Cost per result: The average amount spent to generate a chosen action or outcome.
  • Viewability: Whether an ad had the opportunity to be seen on screen, according to the measurement standard used.

Clicks are not the only sign of success. A campaign focused on awareness may be judged by reach, frequency, brand searches or changes in brand recognition. Conversion-focused campaigns should be assessed against meaningful business outcomes, taking account of attribution limitations and the role other channels may have played.

What makes an effective display campaign?

Effective campaigns begin with a clear objective and a well-defined audience. The creative should communicate one main idea, use a strong visual hierarchy and include a clear call to action. Ad copy needs to be concise, as people may only see it briefly while browsing.

It is also important to make sure that the landing page matches the promise of the ad. A relevant, fast-loading page can provide a better user experience and make it easier for visitors to take the next step. Testing different headlines, images, formats and audience settings can reveal what works best.

Campaigns should be monitored after launch. Advertisers can review performance, adjust budgets and targeting, and remove placements that are unsuitable or delivering poor results. Brand-safety controls and placement reports can help reduce the risk of ads appearing alongside inappropriate content.

Privacy and responsible targeting

Display advertising operates within a changing privacy landscape. Businesses should understand the rules that apply to their use of cookies, tracking technologies and personal data, including UK data protection and privacy requirements. Consent may be required for certain forms of tracking, and advertising platforms have their own policies and controls.

Responsible advertising also means avoiding misleading claims, respecting people’s choices and limiting excessive ad frequency. Clear privacy information and thoughtful targeting help build trust with audiences.

Display advertising as part of a wider strategy

Display advertising is most effective when it supports a broader marketing plan rather than working in isolation. It can introduce a brand, reinforce messages across channels and encourage people to return to a website. By setting clear goals, using relevant creative and measuring meaningful outcomes, businesses can make display advertising a valuable part of their digital marketing mix.

 

5 Tips for More Effective Display Advertising

  1. Use clear, eye-catching visuals.
  2. Keep ad copy concise and relevant.
  3. Target audiences by interests and behaviour.
  4. Test different formats and placements.
  5. Track results and optimise regularly.

Use clear, eye-catching visuals.

Use clear, eye-catching visuals to help your display ads stand out and communicate their message quickly. Choose high-quality images, bold colours and a simple layout that reflects your brand, while keeping text brief and easy to read. Make sure the main message and call to action are immediately visible, even on smaller screens.

Keep ad copy concise and relevant.

Keep display ad copy concise and relevant so people can understand your message at a glance. Focus on one clear benefit, use wording that speaks to your audience’s needs and include a straightforward call to action. Match the copy to the image and landing page, and remove any details that do not help the reader decide what to do next.

Target audiences by interests and behaviour.

Targeting audiences by their interests and online behaviour can help make display advertising more relevant and effective. Rather than showing the same advert to everyone, use available audience insights to reach people whose interests, browsing activity or previous interactions suggest they may value your product or service. Keep targeting focused, respect privacy and consent requirements, and review campaign results regularly to ensure your ads are reaching the right people without becoming intrusive.

Test different formats and placements.

Test different ad formats and placements to find what works best for your audience and campaign goals. Compare options such as static banners, animation and video, and try them across different websites, apps and page positions. Monitor results using relevant measures—such as reach, engagement or conversions—and use what you learn to refine your campaign. Ensure each placement suits your brand and gives people a clear, relevant experience.

Track results and optimise regularly.

Track the results of your display advertising regularly to see whether your ads are reaching the right people and supporting your campaign goals. Review relevant metrics, such as impressions, click-through rate, conversions and cost per result, then use what you learn to refine your audience, creative, placements and budget. Small, ongoing adjustments can improve performance over time, but allow enough time and data to identify meaningful trends before making major changes.

online advertising costs

Online Advertising Costs: A Practical Guide to Budgeting for Your Campaigns

Online Advertising Costs: What Should You Budget?

Online advertising can help businesses reach new customers, generate enquiries and increase sales. But there is no single price for an online campaign. Costs vary according to the platform, audience, competition, campaign objectives and the way the advertising is managed.

Understanding how online advertising is charged can help you set a sensible budget, compare options and judge whether your campaigns are delivering value.

How online advertising is priced

Most digital advertising platforms offer several pricing models. The right one depends on what you want people to do after seeing an advert.

  • Cost per click (CPC): You pay when someone clicks on your advert. This is common in search advertising and can suit campaigns focused on website visits or enquiries.
  • Cost per thousand impressions (CPM): You pay for every thousand times an advert is shown. CPM is often used to build awareness and reach a particular audience.
  • Cost per acquisition (CPA): You measure spend against a completed action, such as a purchase, booking or enquiry. The platform may optimise towards that action, but the actual cost depends on campaign performance.
  • Cost per view (CPV): Video platforms may charge when someone watches a video for a set period or interacts with it.

These terms describe ways of buying or measuring advertising. They do not guarantee a particular result. A low cost per click, for example, is not necessarily good value if those clicks do not lead to useful outcomes.

What affects the cost?

Competition

Advertisers often compete to reach the same people. Popular search terms, locations and audience groups can attract higher prices, particularly in competitive industries such as finance, property and legal services.

Your audience and location

The size and specificity of your target audience can affect costs. Reaching people in a small area or targeting a narrow set of interests may reduce the available audience, while broad campaigns can generate more reach but may include people who are less likely to become customers.

Campaign objective and format

A campaign designed to generate purchases may need different creative, targeting and tracking from one intended to introduce a new brand to potential customers. Search adverts, display banners, social media adverts and video campaigns also have different pricing and production requirements.

Ad quality and relevance

Platforms consider factors such as how relevant an advert is to its audience and the experience offered by the landing page. Strong, clear adverts and useful landing pages can support better performance. They cannot remove competition, but they can help make a budget work harder.

Seasonality

Advertising prices and audience behaviour can change throughout the year. Demand may rise around seasonal events, holidays or key shopping periods. It is worth allowing for these variations when planning a campaign.

Budgeting for an online campaign

There is no universal minimum budget that suits every business. A useful starting point is to decide what the campaign needs to achieve, how many potential customers you want to reach and what a valuable outcome is worth to your business.

Set a test budget that is large enough to gather meaningful information, but small enough to manage the risk. Allow time to test different adverts, audiences and landing pages. Once you know which combinations are working, you can make informed decisions about whether to increase, adjust or pause your spend.

It is also important to distinguish between media spend and the other costs involved in running a campaign. Your total budget may include:

  • Advertising spend paid to platforms such as Google, Meta or LinkedIn
  • Campaign planning and management
  • Copywriting, design, photography or video production
  • Website or landing-page work
  • Analytics, tracking and reporting

If you work with an agency or freelancer, check how their fees are structured. They may charge a fixed fee, an hourly rate, a percentage of advertising spend or a combination. Ask what is included and whether platform spend is billed separately. In the UK, also check whether prices are quoted inclusive or exclusive of VAT.

How to assess whether advertising is worth the cost

Measure campaigns against outcomes that matter to your business, not just clicks or impressions. Depending on your objective, useful measures might include:

  • Cost per qualified enquiry
  • Cost per sale or booking
  • Conversion rate
  • Revenue generated compared with advertising spend
  • New customers acquired and their longer-term value

Accurate measurement depends on setting up conversion tracking properly. Make sure you know which actions are being counted, how calls or offline sales are recorded, and whether the figures include repeat customers. Results can also take time to assess, especially for businesses with longer sales cycles.

Ways to make your budget go further

  • Be specific about your objective: Choose a clear goal before selecting a platform or campaign format.
  • Target thoughtfully: Focus on relevant locations, audiences and search terms, then refine based on results.
  • Improve the landing page: Make it easy for visitors to understand your offer and take the next step.
  • Test one change at a time: Comparing adverts or audiences systematically makes results easier to interpret.
  • Review performance regularly: Use reliable data to adjust spend rather than making decisions based on impressions alone.
  • Allow for creative costs: Effective advertising relies on good messaging and suitable images or video, not just media spend.

The bottom line

Online advertising costs depend on your market, your goals and the way your campaigns are planned and managed. The most useful budget is not necessarily the largest one; it is a budget tied to clear objectives, measured against meaningful results and adjusted as you learn.

Before launching a campaign, work out what you can afford, clarify all fees and decide how success will be measured. That gives you a stronger basis for comparing channels and investing with confidence.

 

Eight Advantages of Cost-Effective Online Advertising for Businesses

  1. Flexible budgets suit businesses of different sizes.
  2. You can control daily or monthly spend.
  3. Costs are measurable in real time.
  4. Campaigns can be adjusted quickly.
  5. Targeting helps reduce wasted spend.
  6. You can test adverts before scaling up.
  7. Clear metrics help assess return on investment.
  8. Different pricing models suit different goals.

 

Challenges of Online Advertising: Rising Costs, Uncertain Results, and Additional Fees

  1. Costs can rise quickly in competitive markets.
  2. Results are not guaranteed, even with a sizeable budget.
  3. Creative, management and tracking fees can add to media spend.

Flexible budgets suit businesses of different sizes.

Online advertising offers flexible budgets, making it accessible to businesses of all sizes. You can start with a modest amount, set daily or campaign spending limits, and adjust your budget as results come in. This lets small businesses test what works without committing to a large upfront spend, while larger organisations can scale successful campaigns to reach more people.

You can control daily or monthly spend.

A key advantage of online advertising is the control it gives you over your budget. You can set a daily or monthly spending limit to suit your business, then adjust it as your needs change. This makes it easier to manage costs, test different campaigns and avoid spending more than planned.

Costs are measurable in real time.

One of the key advantages of online advertising costs is that they can be measured in real time. You can monitor spend, clicks, impressions and conversions as a campaign runs, making it easier to see what is working and where your budget is going. If an advert is underperforming, you can adjust the targeting, creative or spend promptly, helping you make informed decisions and get more value from your budget.

Campaigns can be adjusted quickly.

One of the key advantages of online advertising is that campaigns can be adjusted quickly. If an advert is not reaching the right audience or delivering the results you want, you can change its budget, targeting, message or creative without waiting for a new print run or media booking. This flexibility makes it easier to respond to performance and market changes, test different approaches and focus your spend on what works best.

Targeting helps reduce wasted spend.

One of the key advantages of online advertising is the ability to target specific audiences. By focusing your budget on people most likely to be interested in your products or services—based on factors such as location, interests, search behaviour or demographics—you can avoid paying to reach as many irrelevant users. This can reduce wasted spend and help make each advertising pound work harder.

You can test adverts before scaling up.

One of the advantages of online advertising is that you can test adverts on a small budget before committing more money. Try different headlines, images, audiences or offers, then compare the results to see what attracts the right customers. Once you’ve identified what works, you can scale up with greater confidence, while pausing or refining adverts that aren’t delivering value.

Clear metrics help assess return on investment.

Clear metrics make it easier to assess the return on investment from online advertising. By tracking measures such as clicks, enquiries, sales and cost per conversion, businesses can see which campaigns are delivering value and where their budget is being spent effectively. This insight helps them refine their adverts, adjust spending and focus on the channels that contribute most to their goals.

Different pricing models suit different goals.

One of the advantages of online advertising is the choice of pricing models, allowing businesses to match spend to their goals. For example, cost-per-click can suit campaigns focused on website visits, while cost-per-thousand-impressions can help build brand awareness. If the priority is generating leads or sales, measuring cost per acquisition can make it easier to assess how much each result costs. Choosing the right model helps businesses plan campaigns around the outcomes that matter to them.

Costs can rise quickly in competitive markets.

In competitive markets, online advertising costs can rise quickly as businesses bid against one another for the same keywords, audiences and placements. This can push up the price of each click or impression, making it harder to stay within budget—particularly for smaller businesses. Regularly reviewing campaign performance, refining targeting and setting clear spending limits can help keep costs under control.

Results are not guaranteed, even with a sizeable budget.

A sizeable advertising budget does not guarantee results. Campaign performance depends on factors such as audience demand, competition, the quality of your adverts and landing pages, and how well the campaign is managed. You may spend a significant amount without generating the expected number of clicks, enquiries or sales, so it is important to set realistic expectations, monitor performance and adjust your approach as you learn.

Creative, management and tracking fees can add to media spend.

The cost of an online advertising campaign can be higher than the media spend alone. Creating effective adverts may involve copywriting, design, photography or video production, while campaign management and performance tracking can bring further fees. These additional costs should be included in your budget from the outset, so you have a realistic picture of the total investment and can judge whether the campaign is delivering value.